benchmarkfcns.periodicn2

benchmarkfcns.periodicn2(arg0: Annotated[numpy.typing.NDArray[numpy.float64], '[m, n]', 'flags.c_contiguous']) Annotated[numpy.typing.NDArray[numpy.float64], '[m, 1]']

Computes the value of the Periodic N. 2 benchmark function. periodicn2 is an alias for periodic. Properties:

  • Global minimum: 0.9

  • Location of global minimum: (0, 0, …, 0)

  • Number of dimensions: n

  • Recommended domain: [-10, 10]^n

  • Modality: multimodal

Mathematical Definition

\[f(\textbf{x}) = 1 + \sum_{i=1}^{n} \sin^2(x_i) - 0.1 \exp(-\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i^2)\]

Visualization